全球233家頂級醫學、護理和公共衛生期刊9月6日發表聯合社論，呼吁各國加強行動來應對氣候變化、恢復生物多樣性并維護公眾健康。發表該社論的期刊包括《柳葉刀》、《新英格蘭醫學雜志》、《英國醫學雜志》、《美國醫學信息學會會刊》、《中國科學通報》、《澳大利亞醫學雜志》、《國際護理評論》等。醫學專業人員和期刊一直在關注和警告氣候變化、自然破壞對健康帶來的影響，如此多數量的期刊聯合發表同樣的社論尚屬首次，突顯了事態的嚴重性。

作者們稱，各國將在9月舉行的聯合國大會、10月在中國昆明舉行的生物多樣性大會及11月份在英國格拉斯哥舉行的聯合國氣候大會上共同商議采取集體行動應對氣候危機，在這些關鍵會議之前，全球公衛期刊的這篇聯合社論呼吁采取更緊急的行動，將全球平均氣溫升幅控制在1.5攝氏度以內。全球氣溫上升和自然環境的破壞已經在損害人們的健康，社論指出，未能將全球氣溫上升控制在1.5攝氏度以內、未能恢復自然原有的平衡與和諧，這是未來全球公共衛生面臨的最大威脅。 

“全球升溫超過1.5攝氏度對于健康的風險已經得到充分認證。事實上，任何幅度的變暖都是不安全的。”社論稱，過去20年，在65歲以上的人群中，與高溫相關的死亡率增長了50%以上。高溫增加了脫水、腎功能衰竭、皮膚惡性腫瘤、熱帶病、不良心理健康、妊娠并發癥、過敏、心血管及肺部的發病率和死亡率。高溫危害對于最弱勢群體的影響尤為嚴重，包括兒童、老年人、少數民族、貧困社區和有潛在健康問題的人群。

此外，全球變暖還導致全球主要農作物的產量潛力下降，自1981年以來降低了1.8-5.6%。再加上極端天氣和土壤枯竭的影響，正在抵消全球為減少營養不良作出的努力。社論稱，任何國家，無論多么富裕，都無法置身事外免受這些影響。讓最弱勢群體承受最嚴重的氣候災害將會引發更多的沖突、糧食危機、被迫流離失所及人畜共患病，這意味著對所有國家和社區產生嚴重影響。

社論稱，目前各國提出的減少碳排放和保護自然的目標釋放了積極的信號，但仍不足以實現長期的溫控目標。社論呼吁各國政府采取行動，例如支持重新設計交通系統、城市、食品生產和經銷、金融投資市場和衛生系統。

“許多國家政府投入前所未有的資金規模應對新冠疫情大流行帶來的威脅，環境危機也需要類似的應急響應。這需要巨額的投資，遠超世界上任何一個正在考慮或已交付的投資項目。”社論指出，這些投資將產生巨大的健康和經濟效益，包括高質量的工作、減少空氣污染、改善住房和飲食。光是改善空氣質量帶來的健康效益，就足以輕松抵消全球的減排成本。

社論認為，全球氣候合作取決于富裕國家采取更多行動。“造成環境危機的國家必須采取更多行動，以支持低收入和中等收入國家建設更清潔、更健康和更具抵御力的社會。”發達國家必須加強資金投入以應對氣候變化，兌現甚至超越他們向發展中國家每年提供1000億美元的重要承諾，同時關注減緩和適應，包括改善衛生系統的彈性。至關重要的是，這筆錢應該以贈款形式提供，而非貸款形式。

“作為衛生專業人員，我們必須盡一切努力幫助過渡到一個可持續、更公平、更具彈性和更健康的世界。”社論稱，“作為衛生雜志的編輯，我們呼吁各國政府和領導人采取行動，使2021年成為世界最終改變方向的一年。”

聯合國負責氣候科學的機構政府間氣候變化專門委員會（IPCC）近期發布的報告顯示，在所有排放情景下，全球升溫都將至少達到1.5℃。在最具雄心的低排放情景下，全球升溫預計在本世紀30年代達到1.5℃，后將超出溫控目標到1.6℃，并在本世紀末回落到1.4℃。

“環境和健康密不可分。氣候不斷變化正在以多種方式對人們生活產生負面影響，包括對健康和醫療保健的重要影響。”《新英格蘭醫學雜志》主編、社論共同作者之一Eric J. Rubin表示，作為醫療和公共衛生從業者，不僅有義務預測新的醫療保健需求，而且有義務積極參與限制氣候危機的加劇。

“醫療衛生專業人員長期以來一直關注氣候變化對健康的危害，但我們的發聲并未在全球辯論中被清楚地聽到。 ”英國氣候變化健康聯盟主席、社論共同作者之一Richard Smith認為，“這份史無前例的聯合社論展示了我們對全球的關注以及我們希望如何參與應對氣候變化。”

《東非醫學雜志》主編、社論共同作者之一Lukoye Atwoli說道，雖然中低收入國家歷來對氣候變化貢獻較小，但這些國家承受著不利影響（包括對健康的影響）帶來的沉重負擔。“因此，我們呼吁公平貢獻，讓世界上較富裕國家從現在開始一直到未來采取更多措施來抵消其行動對氣候的影響。”

參與聯合發布的期刊名單：

Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica

Advances in Nursing Science

Advances in Nutrition

African Journal of Laboratory Medicine

Afro-Egyptian Journal of Infectious and Endemic Diseases

Age and Ageing

Alcohol and Alcoholism

Allergy

Alpha Psychiatry

American Journal of Clinical Pathology

American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy

American Journal of Hypertension

American Society of Microbiology

Animal Bioscience

Annals of African Surgery

Annals of Behavioral Medicine

Annals of Oncology

Annals of Public Health

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England

Archives of Disease in Childhood

Archives of the Turkish Society of Cardiology

Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health

Balkan Medical Journal

Belgian Journal of Medicine

Biosis: Biological Systems

BJOG

BMJ Case Reports

BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine

BMJ Global Health

BMJ Health & Care Informatics

BMJ Innovations

BMJ Leader

BMJ Medicine

BMJ Military Health

BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health

BMJ Open

BMJ Open Gastroenterology

BMJ Open Ophthalmology

BMJ Open Quality

BMJ Open Respiratory Research

BMJ Open Science

BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine

BMJ Paediatrics Open

BMJ Quality & Safety

BMJ Sexual & Reproductive Health

BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care

BMJ Surgery, Interventions, & Health Technologies

Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences

Brain

Brain Communications

British Dental Journal

British Journal of General Practice

British Journal of Ophthalmology

British Journal of Sports Medicine

British Medical Bulletin

Bulletin of the World Health Organization

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

Canadian Journal of Respiratory Therapy

Canadian Medical Association Journal

Cardiovascular Research

Caribbean Medical Journal

Chinese Science Bulletin

CIN: Computers, Informatics, Nursing

Clinical Medicine

Croatian Medical Journal

Crohn's & Colitis 360

Cureus Journal of Medical Science

Current Developments in Nutrition

Danish Medical Journal

Diseases of the Colon & Rectum

Dutch Journal of Medicine

East African Medical Journal

EBioMedicine

EClinicalMedicine

Emergency Medicine Journal

Endocrine Reviews

Endocrinology

EP Europace

European Heart Journal

European Heart Journal - Acute Cardiovascular Care

European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging

European Heart Journal - Case Reports

European Heart Journal - Digital Health

European Heart Journal - Quality of Care and Clinical Outcomes

European Heart Journal – Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy

European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery

European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing

European Journal of Hospital Pharmacy

European Journal of Preventive Cardiology

European Journal of Public Health

Evidence-Based Mental Health

Evidence-Based Nursing

Family Medicine and Community Health

Family Practice

Finnish Medical Journal

Frontline Gastroenterology

Gaceta Sanitaria

Gastrointestinal Nursing

General Psychiatry

Global Health Action

Global Heart

Health Policy and Planning

Health Promotion International

Health Promotion Journal of Australia

Heart

Huisarts en wetenschap

Human Molecular Genetics

Human Reproduction

IJQHC Communications

Indian Journal of Medical Ethics

Indian Journal of Medical Research

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Injury Prevention

Innovation in Aging

Integrated Healthcare Journal

International Journal of Epidemiology

International Journal of Gynaecology & Obstetrics

International Journal of Gynecological Cancer

International Journal of Health Policy and Management

International Journal of Integrated Care

International Journal of Medical Students

International Journal of Nursing Studies

International Journal of Older People Nursing

International Journal of Pharmacy Practice

International Nursing Review

JAMIA Open

JMIR Public Health & Surveillance

JNCI Cancer Spectrum

Journal of Child Health Care

Journal of Clinical Pathology

Journal of Crohn’s and Colitis

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health

Journal of Health and Caring Sciences

Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition

Journal of Medical Ethics

Journal of Medical Genetics

Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences

Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society

Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

Journal of Open Health Data

Journal of Pharmacuetical Health Services Research

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

Journal of Public Health

Journal of Surgical Case Reports

Journal of Surgical Protocols and Research Methodologies

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association

Journal of the Endocrine Society

Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand

Journal of the National Cancer Institute

Journal of the Norwegian Medical Association

Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine

Journal of Travel Medicine

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics

Journal of Turkish Society of Microbiology

Kafkas Universitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi

Khyber Medical University Journal

La Revista Universitas Medica

Lab Medicine

Medical Humanities

Medical Journal of Australia

Medical Mycology

Medwave

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation

Neuro-Oncology Advances

Neuro-Oncology Practice

Neurology

New England Journal of Medicine

Nicotine & Tobacco Research

Nurse Author & Editor

Nursing & Health Sciences

Nursing Inquiry

Nutrition Reviews

Occupational and Environmental Medicine

Occupational Medicine

Oxford Open Climate Change

Oxford Open Immunology

Pacific Rim Journal of International Nursing Research

Paediatrics & Child Health

Palliative Medicine

Pan American Journal of Public Health

Pediatric Infectious Disease Society of the Philippines Journal

Pediatric Nursing

The Pharmaceutical Journal

PLOS Medicine

Postgraduate Medical Journal

Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology

PTJ: Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Journal

Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana

Revista de Saúde Pública

Rheumatology

RMD Open

Schizophrenia Bulletin

Schizophrenia Bulletin Open

Sexually Transmitted Infections

SLEEP

SLEEP Advances

Stroke and Vascular Neurology

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

The BMJ

The Gerontologist

The Journal of Climate Change and Health

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism

The Journal of Nutrition

The Journals of Gerontology, Series A

The Lancet

The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health

The Lancet Global Health

The Lancet Microbe

The Lancet Planetary Health

The Lancet Psychiatry

The Lancet Public Health

The Lancet Regional Health - Americas

The Lancet Regional Health - Europe

The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific

The National Medical Journal of India

The Pan-American Journal of Ophthalmology

Thorax

Tobacco Control

Translational Behavioral Medicine

Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Turkish Archives of Otorhinolaryngology

Turkish Archives of Pediatrics

Turkish Journal of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation

Turkish Journal of Biochemistry

Turkish Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing

Turkish Journal of Orthodontics

Turkish Thoracic Journal

Veterinary Record

VOICE

Western Journal of Emergency Medicine

Women’s Healthcare: A Clinical Journal for NPs

World Journal of Pediatric Surgery